Below a description extracted from Wikipedia what is the mat:

Tatami mats known as, (a word originally meaning "folded and piled") are a traditional characteristic of the houses Japanese . Traditionally made ​​of woven straw , and were packing with the same material. Today are made ​​from styrofoam ). These are units that always have the same size and shape, and in fact, provided the module from which they derive the remaining proportions of traditional Japanese architecture. Can be covered with brocade , or just plain black with a cloth.

Tatami were originally a luxury accessory for the wealthy, at a time when almost all Japanese were content with a packed dirt floor.

There are various rules for the number and placement of the mat, since it is said if you do not have either attract misfortune. Never place a grid, they should not match at any point, three or four corners of the mats.

As already indicated, in Japan the fourth size is given by the number of mat it may contain. The shops are traditionally designed to measure 5.5 rugs, and the tea room and tea houses are often measured 4.5 rugs. Traditional dimensions of the carpets were fixed in 90 cm by 180 cm by 5 cm. Tambiñen mats are manufactured half 90 by 90 cm. For its fixed size, the rooms of traditional Japanese buildings are built in multiples of 90 cm. It should be noted also that the carpets of Kyoto and other regions of western Japan are slightly longer than those of Tokyo .

Previously, Japanese houses were all tatami floor (except the kitchen), but now they are not all houses are often built with tatami floor, although it remains tradition in the vast majority of cases, building new floors with a Room with tatami floor.
If you put furniture on the mat, it is often the mark be visited by the cabinet, so that is not usually put much furniture in tatami rooms, and possibly that is one reason why the Japanese were sleeping / sleep on Futon.
The futon bed is a traditional Japanese type which is composed of a mattress that is placed on the mat and a quilt called shikibuton called kakebuton.

Then I put a video of the only tatami room I have in my apartment, so that you see as the tatami room and that is what the futon.

WPvideo 1.10
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